FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as EPM2A_HUMAN, EPM2A. Plays an important role in preventing glycogen hyperphosphorylation and the formation of insoluble aggregates, via its activity as glycogen phosphatase, and by promoting the ubiquitination of proteins involved in glycogen metabolism via its interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase NHLRC1/malin. Shows strong phosphatase activity towards complex carbohydrates in vitro, avoiding glycogen hyperphosphorylation which is associated with reduced branching and formation of insoluble aggregates (PubMed:16901901, PubMed:23922729, PubMed:26231210, PubMed:25538239, PubMed:25544560). Dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine and synthetic substrates, such as para-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP), and has low activity with phosphoserine and phosphothreonine substrates (in vitro) (PubMed:11001928, PubMed:11220751, PubMed:11739371, PubMed:14532330, PubMed:16971387, PubMed:18617530, PubMed:22036712, PubMed:23922729, PubMed:14722920). Has been shown to dephosphorylate MAPT (By similarity). Forms a complex with NHLRC1/malin and HSP70, which suppresses the cellular toxicity of misfolded proteins by promoting their degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Acts as a scaffold protein to facilitate PPP1R3C/PTG ubiquitination by NHLRC1/malin (PubMed:23922729). Also promotes proteasome-independent protein degradation through the macroautophagy pathway (PubMed:20453062)., does not bind to glycogen (PubMed:18617530). Lacks phosphatase activity and might function as a dominant-negative regulator for the phosphatase activity of isoform 1 and isoform 7 (PubMed:18617530, PubMed:22036712)., has phosphatase activity (in vitro). Homodimer (PubMed:16971387, PubMed:18617530, PubMed:23922729, PubMed:25538239, PubMed:25544560). Interacts with itself (PubMed:14532330). Interacts with PPP1R3B, PPP1R3C, PPP1R3D, HIRIP5, and EPM2AIP1 (PubMed:12782127, PubMed:12915448, PubMed:14532330, PubMed:16901901, PubMed:18070875). Binds glycogen and Lafora bodies (PubMed:11739371, PubMed:14532330, PubMed:14706656, PubMed:15102711, PubMed:18617530, PubMed:22036712). Interacts with NHLRC1/malin (via the NHL repeats) (PubMed:15930137, PubMed:22036712, PubMed:23922729). Forms a complex with NHLRC1/malin and HSP70 (PubMed:19036738). Interacts with PPP1R3D; in the presence of NHLC1/malin the interaction leads to ubiquitination and autophagic degradation of PPP1R3D. Interacts (via the phosphatase domain) with MAPT/Tau; the interaction dephosphorylates MAPT (PubMed:19542233). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact to form a heterodimeric complex that lacks phosphatase activity (in vitro) (PubMed:18617530). Active phosphatase isoform 7 and isoform 1 interact with each other, but give rise to lower phosphatase activity than isoform 1 or isoform 7 by themselves (in vitro) (PubMed:22036712). Active phosphatase isoform 7 and inactive isoform 2 interact with each other, but give rise to lower phosphatase activity than isoform 7 by itself (in vitro) (PubMed:22036712). Interacts with PRDM8 (PubMed:22961547).

EXTERNAL LINKS

EPM2A

Laforin

EPM2A

Molecular Synopsis