FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as STAT1_HUMAN, STAT1. Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus (PubMed:28753426). ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated (PubMed:26479788). It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Isoform alpha homodimerizes upon IFN-gamma induced phosphorylation (PubMed:8605877, PubMed:28753426). Heterodimer with STAT2 upon IFN-alpha/beta induced phosphorylation (PubMed:8605877). The heterodimer STAT1:STAT2 forms the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) with IRF9 (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated at Ser-727) with PIAS1; the interaction results in release of STAT1 from its target gene (PubMed:9724754, PubMed:17897103). Interacts with IFNAR1; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of IFNAR1 at 'Tyr-466' (PubMed:9121453). Interacts with IFNAR2 (PubMed:9121453). Found in a complex with NMI and CREBBP/CBP (PubMed:9989503). Interacts with NMI which is required for CREBBP/CBP recruitment to the complex (PubMed:9989503). Interacts with PTK2/FAK1 (PubMed:11278462). Interacts with SRC (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4 (phosphorylated) (PubMed:18721752). Interacts with PARP9 and DTX3L independently of IFN-beta or IFN-gamma-mediated STAT1 'Tyr-701' phosphorylation (PubMed:26479788). Interacts with histone acetyltransferase EP300/p300 in response to INF-gamma stimulation (PubMed:26479788). Interacts with OTOP1 (By similarity). Interacts with IFNGR1 (PubMed:8156998).

EXTERNAL LINKS

STAT1

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta

STAT1

Molecular Synopsis